A Conversational Course in Qur'ānic Arabic
لُغَةُ القُرْآنِ
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Phase 1 · Chapter Six

الْأَعْدَادُ

Numbers — Counting One to Ten

With numbers, you can finally answer “how many” for anything you've learned to name. Arabic numbers have a famous quirk: from three to ten, the number's gender is the opposite of the noun it counts — it feels backwards at first, but once it clicks, you'll count confidently.

Every Arabic passage has a small circle button — click it to hear it read aloud using your browser's own Arabic voice.

BY THE END OF THIS CHAPTER YOU WILL BE ABLE TO

TEACHER NOTES
Pacing: 60 min — numbers 1–10 with gender polarity is genuinely dense.
Prerequisite check: None beyond Chapter One's vocabulary.
Watch out for: Gender-reversed agreement (٣ كُتُبٍ but ثَلَاثَة) is the single hardest rule in early Arabic — budget extra drill time.
01 — LISTEN & REPEAT

حِوَارٌDialogue

Yūsuf and Maryam count copies of the Qur'ān in a box. Listen twice, then read aloud.

YŪSUF
كَمْ مُصْحَفًا فِي الصُّنْدُوقِ؟
kam muṣḥafan fi-ṣ-ṣundūq?
How many muṣḥafs are in the box?
MARYAM
فِيهِ خَمْسَةُ مَصَاحِفَ.
fīhi khamsatu maṣāḥif.
There are five muṣḥafs in it.
YŪSUF
وَكَمْ صَفًّا هُنَا فِي الْمَدْرَسَةِ؟
wa kam ṣaffan huna fi-l-madrasah?
And how many classes are there here at the school?
MARYAM
ثَلَاثَةُ صُفُوفٍ فَقَطْ.
thalāthatu ṣufufin faqaṭ.
Only three classes.
YŪSUF
وَعِنْدَنَا خَمْسُ صَلَوَاتٍ كُلَّ يَوْمٍ.
wa ‘indanā khamsu ṣalawātin kulla yawm.
And we have five prayers every day.
02 — CORE WORDS

الْمُفْرَدَاتُVocabulary

Notice how the number's own ending changes depending on the noun's gender — the reversed pattern explained below.

ArabicSaysMeaningNote
NEWوَاحِدٌ / وَاحِدَةٌ wāḥid / wāḥidahone (m./f.)Agrees normally, like an adjective.
NEWثَلَاثَةُ thalāthatuthreeUsed with feminine nouns — see grammar box.
NEWأَرْبَعَةُ arba‘atufour
NEWخَمْسَةُ khamsatufiveخَمْسُ صَلَوَاتٍ — the five daily prayers.
NEWعَشَرَةُ ‘asharatuten
NEWكَمْkamhow many, how muchFollowed by a singular accusative noun.
NEWصُنْدُوقٌ ṣundūqa box
NEWعِنْدَ‘indato have, at (a location word)عِنْدِي — ‘I have’, literally ‘at me.’

Also in this chapter's dialogue and reading.

ArabicSaysMeaningNote
EARLYكَمْkamhow many?The natural question word to pair with numbers — كَمْ كِتَابًا عِنْدَكَ؟, "how many books do you have?"
EARLYفَقَطْfaqaṭonly, just
EARLYسُؤَالٌsu’āla question
EARLYمَرَّةً / مَعًاmarratan / ma‘anonce, a time / together
EARLYيُوجَدُyūjadthere is, there exists
03 — HOW THE LANGUAGE WORKS

رُكْنُ الْقَوَاعِدِGrammar Corner

Reversed agreement, 3–10. With the numbers three through ten, the number takes the opposite gender marker from the noun it counts.

ثَلَاثَةُ كُتُبٍ
thalāthatu kutub
three books — كِتَابٌ is masculine, so the number takes ة
خَمْسُ صَلَوَاتٍ
khamsu ṣalawāt
five prayers — صَلَاةٌ is feminine, so the number drops ة

عِنْدَ + suffix = “to have.” Arabic has no verb “to have” — instead, it uses the location word عِنْدَ (“at”) plus a possessive suffix, still nominal, no conjugated verb.

عِنْدِي خَمْسَةُ كُتُبٍ
‘indī khamsatu kutub
I have five books (literally: at me, five books)

Quick check: would you say خَمْسُ or خَمْسَةُ before صَلَوَاتٍ (prayers, feminine)? (خَمْسُ — drop the ة because the noun is feminine.)

04 — READING THE SOURCE

وَقْفَةٌ قُرْآنِيَّةٌQur'ān Connection

A number woven into the very structure of Muslim daily life — named directly in the Qur'ān.

SŪRAT AL-BAQARAH — 2:196 (PHRASE PATTERN)
فَصِيَامُ ثَلَاثَةِ أَيَّامٍ
then a fast of three days...
فَصِيَامُ
fa ṣiyāmu
then a fast of
ثَلَاثَةِ
thalāthati
three
أَيَّامٍ
ayyāmin
days
ثَلَاثَةِ takes ة because يَوْمٌ (day) is masculine — exactly this chapter's rule. صِيَامُ here is a noun (‘a fast’), not a conjugated verb, so the whole phrase stays within what you already know.
05 — SAY IT LIKE A NATIVE

عِبَارَاتٌ يَوْمِيَّةٌEveryday Phrases

Common phrases and set expressions using numbers.

الصَّلَوَاتُ الْخَمْسُ
aṣ-ṣalawātu-l-khams — the five daily prayers
أَرْكَانُ الْإِسْلَامِ الْخَمْسَةُ
the Five Pillars of Islam
مَرَّةً وَاحِدَةً
marratan wāḥidatan — one time, once
أَرْبَعَةُ فُصُولٍ
arba‘atu fuṣūl — four seasons
سَبْعُ سَمَاوَاتٍ
sab‘u samāwāt — seven heavens
عِنْدِي سُؤَالٌ
‘indī su’āl — I have a question
عِنْدَكَ وَقْتٌ؟
‘indaka waqt? — do you have time?
لَا يُوجَدُ عِنْدِي شَيْءٌ
lā yūjadu ‘indī shay’ — I don't have anything
SKILLS PRACTICE

الِاسْتِمَاعُListening

Audio track 7.1

Salmā counts her siblings for Aḥmad. Listen first, script second.

SALMĀ
عِنْدِي أَرْبَعَةُ إِخْوَةٍ وَثَلَاثُ أَخَوَاتٍ.
AḨMAD
مَا شَاءَ اللَّهُ! أُسْرَةٌ كَبِيرَةٌ.
SALMĀ
نَعَمْ، وَعِنْدَنَا خَمْسُ صَلَوَاتٍ نُصَلِّيهَا مَعًا كُلَّ يَوْمٍ.
AḨMAD
هَذَا جَمِيلٌ جِدًّا.
  1. How many brothers does Salmā have?
  2. How many sisters?
  3. What do they do together five times a day?
Reveal answers
1. Four.   2. Three.   3. Pray the five daily prayers together.
SKILLS PRACTICE

التَّحَدُّثُSpeaking

Pair work

Partner drill. Ask “كَمْ ___ عِنْدَكَ؟” about siblings, books, or pens, and answer with the correctly-gendered number.

Recycling round. Answer with كِتَابٌ or حَقِيبَةٌ from Chapter Four rather than generic objects, so the numbers attach to nouns your partner already recognises.

SKILLS PRACTICE

الْقِرَاءَةُReading

Read silently, then aloud

Read once for meaning, then aloud.

الْإِسْلَامُ بُنِيَ عَلَى خَمْسَةِ أَرْكَانٍ. عِنْدَنَا خَمْسُ صَلَوَاتٍ كُلَّ يَوْمٍ. عِنْدِي أَرْبَعَةُ إِخْوَةٍ، وَعِنْدَهُمْ عَشَرَةُ كُتُبٍ عَنِ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ. الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ عَلَى كُلِّ هَذِهِ النِّعَمِ.
1) عَلَى كَمْ رُكْنٍ بُنِيَ الْإِسْلَامُ؟
2) كَمْ صَلَاةً عِنْدَهُمْ كُلَّ يَوْمٍ؟
3) كَمْ كِتَابًا عِنْدَ إِخْوَةِ الْكَاتِبِ؟
Reveal answers
1. ج — خَمْسَةٍ   2. ج — خَمْسٌ   3. ج — عَشَرَةُ كُتُبٍ
SKILLS PRACTICE

الْكِتَابَةُWriting

On paper or in your notebook

Sentence building. Put these words in the correct order, then translate.

  1. أَرْكَانٍ   خَمْسَةِ   عَلَى   بُنِيَ
  2. صَلَوَاتٍ   خَمْسُ   عِنْدَنَا
  3. إِخْوَةٍ   أَرْبَعَةُ   عِنْدِي

Guided writing. Write three sentences counting things you have — books, pens, siblings — using عِنْدِي and the reversed-gender rule for 3–10.

06 — CHAPTER EXERCISES

التَّدْرِيبَاتُExercises

1اخْتَرِ الْإِجَابَةَ الصَّحِيحَةَChoose the correct answer
1. With numbers 3–10, the number's gender is:
2. Before كُتُبٍ (masculine plural), you say:
3. Before صَلَوَاتٍ (feminine plural), you say:
4. Arabic expresses “to have” using:
Reveal answers
1. b   2. b   3. b   4. b
2صِلْ كُلَّ كَلِمَةٍ بِمَعْنَاهَاMatch each item to its meaning
  1. ثَلَاثَةٌ
  2. أَرْبَعَةٌ
  3. خَمْسَةٌ
  4. عَشَرَةٌ
  5. عِنْدَ
  1. ten
  2. at, to have
  3. four
  4. three
  5. five
Reveal answers
1–d, 2–c, 3–e, 4–a, 5–b
3تَرْجِمْ إِلَى الْإِنْجِلِيزِيَّةِTranslate into English

Self-check — type your answer, then compare with the model answer below. This one isn’t scored.

  1. عِنْدِي ثَلَاثَةُ كُتُبٍ.
  2. عِنْدَنَا خَمْسُ صَلَوَاتٍ.
  3. كَمْ أَخًا عِنْدَكَ؟
  4. عِنْدِي أَرْبَعَةُ إِخْوَةٍ.
Reveal answers
1. I have three books.
2. We have five prayers.
3. How many brothers do you have?
4. I have four brothers.
4تَرْجِمْ إِلَى الْعَرَبِيَّةِTranslate into Arabic

Self-check — type your answer, then compare with the model answer below. This one isn’t scored.

  1. I have five books.
  2. We have five prayers every day.
  3. I have three sisters.
Reveal answers
١) عِنْدِي خَمْسَةُ كُتُبٍ.
٢) عِنْدَنَا خَمْسُ صَلَوَاتٍ كُلَّ يَوْمٍ.
٣) عِنْدِي ثَلَاثُ أَخَوَاتٍ.
5أَكْمِلِ الْحِوَارَComplete the dialogue
Word bank: خَمْسَةُ — خَمْسُ — ثَلَاثَةُ — كَمْ
يوسف: مُصْحَفًا فِي الصُّنْدُوقِ؟
مريم: فِيهِ مَصَاحِفَ.
يوسف: وَكَمْ صَفًّا؟
مريم: صُفُوفٍ. وَعِنْدَنَا صَلَوَاتٍ كُلَّ يَوْمٍ.
Reveal answers
كَمْ — خَمْسَةُ — ثَلَاثَةُ — خَمْسُ
6صَحِيحٌ أَمْ خَطَأٌ؟True or false? (based on the reading passage)
فِي الصُّنْدُوقِ سِتَّةُ مَصَاحِفَ.true / false
فِي الْمَدْرَسَةِ ثَلَاثَةُ صُفُوفٍ.true / false
الصَّلَوَاتُ الْيَوْمِيَّةُ أَرْبَعٌ.true / false
Reveal answers
1. False — there are five.   2. True.   3. False — there are five daily prayers.
SKILLS PRACTICE

قِرَاءَةٌ حُرَّةٌFree Reading

Hover to check — no test, just read

A short passage using only words you've met so far. Just read for meaning — hover any word if you get stuck. Flip the switch to check whole sentences instead of single words.

Word Sentence
عِنْدَ الطَّالِبِ بَيْتٌ وَاحِدٌ فَقَطْ. وَفِي الْبَيْتِ صُنْدُوقٌ وَاحِدٌ. كَمْ كِتَابًا فِي الصُّنْدُوقِ؟ فِي الصُّنْدُوقِ ثَلَاثَةُ كُتُبٍ وَقَلَمٌ. عِنْدِي أَرْبَعَةُ أَقْلَامٍ جَدِيدَةٍ. وَعِنْدَ صَدِيقِي خَمْسَةُ كُتُبٍ. يُوجَدُ سُؤَالٌ وَاحِدٌ فَقَطْ. هَلْ يُوجَدُ قَلَمٌ فِي الصُّنْدُوقِ؟
SKILLS PRACTICE — NEW

مُحَادَثَةٌ حُرَّةٌConversation Practice

Chat with Yūsuf or Maryam using only what you've learned so far — type it or say it out loud, your choice.

تَمَّ الدَّرْسُ السَّادِسُ بِحَمْدِ اللَّهِ
Chapter Six complete — next chapter: Family and Colours (الأسرة والألوان)
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