A Conversational Course in Qur'ānic Arabic
لُغَةُ القُرْآنِ
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Phase 2 · Chapter Nine · First Verbs

الْمُضَارِعُ (١)

The Present Tense, Part One — He / She / I

You've mastered the past tense's ending-based system. The present tense (muḍāri‘) works the opposite way — it changes its beginning. Same five roots as Chapter Seventeen, so you can focus purely on the new pattern.

Every Arabic passage has a small circle button — click it to hear it read aloud using your browser's own Arabic voice.

BY THE END OF THIS CHAPTER YOU WILL BE ABLE TO

TEACHER NOTES
Pacing: 50–60 min — the first verb chapter always runs long.
Prerequisite check: All of Phase 1 (Chapters 1–8) should be comfortable first.
Watch out for: أ/ي/ت prefixes are the whole lesson — the minimal-pairs table is worth drilling on its own before the dialogue.
01 — LISTEN & REPEAT

حِوَارٌDialogue

Yūsuf and Maryam talk about their daily habits, now in the present tense. Listen twice, then read aloud.

YŪSUF
مَاذَا تَفْعَلِينَ كُلَّ صَبَاحٍ؟
mādhā taf‘alīna kulla ṣabāḥ?
What do you do every morning?
MARYAM
أَقْرَأُ وِرْدِي، ثُمَّ أَكْتُبُ وَاجِبِي.
aqra’u wirdī, thumma aktubu wājibī.
I read my daily portion, then I write my homework.
YŪSUF
وَهَلْ يَسْمَعُ أَخُوكِ الدَّرْسَ مَعَكِ؟
wa hal yasma‘u akhūki-d-darsa ma‘aki?
Does your brother listen to the lesson with you?
MARYAM
نَعَمْ، هُوَ يَسْمَعُ وَيَكْتُبُ أَيْضًا.
na‘am, huwa yasma‘u wa yaktubu ayḍan.
Yes, he listens and writes too.
YŪSUF
اللَّهُ يَرْزُقُكُمُ الْبَرَكَةَ فِي وَقْتِكُمْ.
Allāhu yarzuqukumu-l-barakata fī waqtikum.
May Allah grant you blessing in your time.
02 — CORE WORDS

الْمُفْرَدَاتُVocabulary

Same roots as Chapter Seventeen — now watch the prefix instead of the suffix change.

ArabicSaysMeaningNote
NEWيَخْلُقُ yakhluquhe creates
NEWيَرْزُقُ yarzuquhe provides
NEWيَكْتُبُ yaktubuhe writes
NEWيَقْرَأُ yaqra’uhe reads
NEWيَسْمَعُ yasma‘uhe hears
NEWهِيَ تَكْتُبُ / تَقْرَأُ hiya taktubu / taqra’ushe writes / she readsتَـ prefix marks ‘she’ (also ‘you, m.’ — context tells them apart).
NEWأَنَا أَكْتُبُ / أَقْرَأُ anā aktubu / aqra’uI write / I readأَـ prefix marks ‘I.’
NEWوِرْدٌ wirda daily portion (of Qur'ān)

Also in this chapter's dialogue and reading. This is your first verb chapter, so these are the everyday present-tense verbs worth fixing early, alongside a few connectors.

ArabicSaysMeaningNote
EARLYأُرِيدُ / تُرِيدُurīd / turīdI want / you wantProbably the single most useful verb for classroom conversation.
EARLYأَعْرِفُ / تَعْرِفُa‘rif / ta‘rifI know / you know
EARLYأَفْهَمُafhamI understandPair with لَا أَفْهَمُ, "I don't understand" — a genuinely useful classroom phrase.
EARLYدَرْسٌdarsa lesson
EARLYثُمَّthummathen
EARLYيَعْنِيya‘nīit means, i.e., "like"Extremely common filler/discourse word in spoken Arabic.
EARLYتَقْرِيبًاtaqrībanapproximately, almost
03 — HOW THE LANGUAGE WORKS

رُكْنُ الْقَوَاعِدِGrammar Corner

The present tense changes its prefix, not its suffix. Three letters — أ ت ي — mark who's doing the action, added to the front of a base form.

هُوَ يَكْتُبُ
huwa yaktubu
he writes / is writing
هِيَ تَكْتُبُ
hiya taktubu
she writes / is writing
أَنَا أَكْتُبُ
anā aktubu
I write / am writing

This tense covers both present and future meaning — context tells you which. Next chapter you'll add “you” and “we” to complete the paradigm, just as you did for the past tense.

Quick check: what prefix marks “I” in the present tense? (أَـ — as in أَقْرَأُ, ‘I read.’)

04 — READING THE SOURCE

وَقْفَةٌ قُرْآنِيَّةٌQur'ān Connection

A verse describing an action Allah does continuously — fittingly, in the present tense.

SŪRAT ĀLI ‘IMRĀN — 3:27 (EXCERPT)
وَيَرْزُقُ مَن يَشَاءُ بِغَيْرِ حِسَابٍ
And He provides for whom He wills without account.
وَيَرْزُقُ
wa yarzuqu
and He provides
مَن يَشَاءُ
man yashā’u
whom He wills
بِغَيْرِ حِسَابٍ
bi-ghayri ḥisāb
without account, limit
يَرْزُقُ is exactly this chapter's grammar box, applied to a root you already learned as رَزَقَ in Chapter Seventeen. Providing is a quality Allah continuously possesses, which is exactly why the present tense fits.
05 — SAY IT LIKE A NATIVE

عِبَارَاتٌ يَوْمِيَّةٌEveryday Phrases

Everyday phrases using the present tense.

أَفْهَمُ
afhamu — I understand
لَا أَعْرِفُ
lā a‘rifu — I don't know
مَاذَا تُرِيدُ؟
mādhā turīd? — what do you want?
هَلْ تَسْمَعُنِي؟
hal tasma‘unī? — can you hear me?
أَعْمَلُ عَلَيْهِ
a‘malu ‘alayh — I'm working on it
يَعْنِي...
ya‘nī... — it means..., that is...
أَشْكُرُكَ
ashkuruka — I thank you
هِيَ تَعْرِفُ
hiya ta‘rifu — she knows
SKILLS PRACTICE

الِاسْتِمَاعُListening

Audio track 16.1

Aḥmad describes part of his routine. Listen first, script second.

AḨMAD
أَقْرَأُ وِرْدِي كُلَّ يَوْمٍ بَعْدَ الْفَجْرِ.
SALMĀ
وَمَاذَا تَفْعَلُ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ؟
AḨMAD
أَكْتُبُ وَاجِبِي، ثُمَّ أَسْمَعُ دَرْسًا قَصِيرًا.
SALMĀ
أُخْتِي تَفْعَلُ نَفْسَ الشَّيْءِ تَقْرِيبًا!
  1. When does Aḥmad read his daily portion?
  2. What does he do after that?
  3. What does Salmā say about her sister?
Reveal answers
1. Every day after dawn (fajr).   2. Writes his homework, then listens to a short lesson.   3. She does almost the same thing.
SKILLS PRACTICE

التَّحَدُّثُSpeaking

Pair work

Partner drill. Ask your partner “مَاذَا تَفْعَلُ/تَفْعَلِينَ كُلَّ يَوْمٍ؟” and answer with two present-tense verbs from this chapter.

Recycling round. This is the first chapter where a student can answer with أُرِيدُ أَنْ... ("I want to...") — let the answer run into a second clause using a Phase 1 noun (بَيْت، مَدْرَسَة، حَدِيقَة) rather than stopping at one verb.

LettersWord 1Word 2Tip
أَـ vs يَـ vs تَـأَقْرَأُيَقْرَأُThese three prefixes are the entire difference between ‘I read,’ ‘he reads,’ and ‘she reads’ — train your ear on the first sound of the verb.
SKILLS PRACTICE

الْقِرَاءَةُReading

Read silently, then aloud

Read once for meaning, then aloud.

أَقْرَأُ وِرْدِي كُلَّ يَوْمٍ بَعْدَ الْفَجْرِ. أَخِي يَقْرَأُ مَعِي، وَيَكْتُبُ مَا يَسْمَعُ. اللَّهُ يَرْزُقُنَا فِي كُلِّ يَوْمٍ جَدِيدٍ. هَذَا وِرْدٌ صَغِيرٌ، لَكِنَّهُ عَظِيمُ الْأَجْرِ.
1) مَتَى تَقْرَأُ الْكَاتِبَةُ وِرْدَهَا؟
2) مَاذَا يَفْعَلُ أَخُوهَا؟
3) مَنْ يَرْزُقُهُمْ حَسَبَ النَّصِّ؟
Reveal answers
1. ب — بَعْدَ الْفَجْرِ   2. ب — يَقْرَأُ وَيَكْتُبُ مَعَهَا   3. ب — اللَّهُ
SKILLS PRACTICE

الْكِتَابَةُWriting

On paper or in your notebook

Sentence building. Put these words in the correct order, then translate.

  1. وِرْدِي   أَقْرَأُ
  2. يَرْزُقُنَا   اللَّهُ
  3. يَكْتُبُ   أَخِي

Guided writing. Write three sentences about your daily routine, using أَقْرَأُ, أَكْتُبُ, or أَسْمَعُ.

06 — CHAPTER EXERCISES

التَّدْرِيبَاتُExercises

1اخْتَرِ الْإِجَابَةَ الصَّحِيحَةَChoose the correct answer
1. The present tense marks its subject with a change in the:
2. “I write” in the present tense is:
3. “She reads” is:
4. The present tense can refer to:
Reveal answers
1. b   2. c   3. c   4. b
2صِلْ كُلَّ كَلِمَةٍ بِمَعْنَاهَاMatch each item to its meaning
  1. يَكْتُبُ
  2. أَكْتُبُ
  3. تَكْتُبُ
  4. يَرْزُقُ
  5. يَسْمَعُ
  1. he hears
  2. he provides
  3. she writes / you write
  4. I write
  5. he writes
Reveal answers
1–e, 2–d, 3–c, 4–b, 5–a
3تَرْجِمْ إِلَى الْإِنْجِلِيزِيَّةِTranslate into English

Self-check — type your answer, then compare with the model answer below. This one isn’t scored.

  1. أَقْرَأُ وِرْدِي كُلَّ يَوْمٍ.
  2. اللَّهُ يَرْزُقُ مَنْ يَشَاءُ.
  3. هُوَ يَسْمَعُ الدَّرْسَ.
  4. هَلْ تَسْمَعُنِي؟
Reveal answers
1. I read my daily portion every day.
2. Allah provides for whom He wills.
3. He listens to the lesson.
4. Can you hear me?
4تَرْجِمْ إِلَى الْعَرَبِيَّةِTranslate into Arabic

Self-check — type your answer, then compare with the model answer below. This one isn’t scored.

  1. I read the Qur'ān every morning.
  2. Allah provides for whom He wills.
  3. She writes her homework.
Reveal answers
١) أَقْرَأُ الْقُرْآنَ كُلَّ صَبَاحٍ.
٢) اللَّهُ يَرْزُقُ مَنْ يَشَاءُ.
٣) هِيَ تَكْتُبُ وَاجِبَهَا.
5أَكْمِلِ الْحِوَارَComplete the dialogue
Word bank: أَقْرَأُ — أَكْتُبُ — يَسْمَعُ — يَكْتُبُ
يوسف: مَاذَا تَفْعَلِينَ كُلَّ صَبَاحٍ؟
مريم: وِرْدِي، ثُمَّ وَاجِبِي.
يوسف: هَلْ أَخُوكِ الدَّرْسَ؟
مريم: نَعَمْ، وَ أَيْضًا.
Reveal answers
أَقْرَأُ — أَكْتُبُ — يَسْمَعُ — يَكْتُبُ
6صَحِيحٌ أَمْ خَطَأٌ؟True or false? (based on the reading passage)
مَرْيَمُ تَقْرَأُ وِرْدَهَا بَعْدَ الظُّهْرِ.true / false
أَخُو مَرْيَمَ يَسْمَعُ الدَّرْسَ مَعَهَا.true / false
لَا أَحَدَ يَكْتُبُ فِي هَذَا الْبَيْتِ.true / false
Reveal answers
1. False — after fajr.   2. True.   3. False — both Maryam and her brother write.
SKILLS PRACTICE

قِرَاءَةٌ حُرَّةٌFree Reading

Hover to check — no test, just read

A short passage using only words you've met so far. Just read for meaning — hover any word if you get stuck. Flip the switch to check whole sentences instead of single words.

Word Sentence
أَنَا أَكْتُبُ دَرْسًا جَدِيدًا. ثُمَّ أَقْرَأُ قَلِيلًا وَأَفْهَمُ. صَدِيقِي يَكْتُبُ دَرْسًا. وَهِيَ تَقْرَأُ كِتَابًا كُلَّ يَوْمٍ. اللَّهُ يَخْلُقُ وَيَرْزُقُ كُلَّ شَيْءٍ. أُرِيدُ دَرْسًا جَدِيدًا الْيَوْمَ. هَلْ تُرِيدُ دَرْسًا أَيْضًا؟ أَعْرِفُ هَذَا الدَّرْسَ تَقْرِيبًا.
SKILLS PRACTICE — NEW

مُحَادَثَةٌ حُرَّةٌConversation Practice

Chat with Yūsuf or Maryam using only what you've learned so far — type it or say it out loud, your choice.

تَمَّ الدَّرْسُ التَّاسِعُ بِحَمْدِ اللَّهِ
Chapter Nine complete — next chapter: Present Tense, Part Two (المضارع (٢))
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